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Carbon monoxide is commonly known as “the silent killer.” Because it is colorless odorless and tasteless, none of your senses can detect it. CO claims the lives of nearly 300 people in their homes each year according to the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC). CO is a potentially deadly gas that is produced by fuel-burning heating equipment, such as furnaces, wood stoves, fireplaces, and kerosene heaters. Follow these guidelines to help keep your family safer.

• Install at least one CO alarm near sleeping areas.
• Have a trained professional inspect, clean, and tune-up your home’s central heating system and repair leaks or other problems; fireplaces and woodstoves should also be inspected each year and cleaned or repaired as needed.
• Keep gas appliances properly adjusted and serviced.
• Never use an oven or range to heat your home.
• Never use a gas or charcoal grill inside your home or in a closed garage.
• Portable electric generators must be used outside only. Never use them indoors, in a garage, or in any confined area that can allow CO to collect. Follow usage directions closely.

Whether you are landscaping, building a fence or a deck, or installing a pool, no project that involves digging is too small or insignificant. If you are planning to dig on your property for any reason, state law requires you to place a location request with Dig Safely New York at least two (2) full working days, but no more than 10 working days, before beginning your project, to ensure all underground utility lines are properly marked by their owners. Working days are defined as weekdays (Monday through Friday), excluding holidays. You can place a location request by calling 811 or by using our online Location Request program, Exactix. 

Because the depth and placement of utility lines can vary for a number of reasons, including erosion, previous digging projects, and uneven surfaces, making assumptions about where the utility lines are under your property can be extremely dangerous. Striking a single line can result in injury, significant repair costs, fines, and inconvenient outages for you and your neighbors.

If you do not plan to perform the excavation yourself, you do not need to contact Dig Safely New York; however, for your safety, you should verify your contractor has contacted Dig Safely New York.

Hired contractors or excavators are responsible for making the call because as the home/property owner, you may:

• Not know the full extent of the work
• Become involved in the liability if an accident occurs
• Not know the complete schedule of the work dates, which is important because utilities often supervise the excavation
• Not know the type of equipment being used or any special information regarding the site that may be pertinent 

Additionally, utility owners may want to meet and consult with the excavator prior to the work commencing. 

https://www.digsafelynewyork.com/

Homeowners: https://www.digsafelynewyork.com/homeowners

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Site Marking (paint and flags) Standard Color Codes:

    Red     = Electric

    Yellow     = Gas/Oil/Steam

    Orange     = Communications/CATV

    Blue     = Water

    Green     = Sewer

    Pink    = Survey Markings

    White     = Proposed Excavation

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Tolerance Zone

By law, each type of marking requires that you observe a certain Tolerance Zone.

• Burn only seasoned hardwood - not trash, cardboard boxes, or Christmas trees because these items burn unevenly, may contain toxins, and increase the risk of uncontrolled fires.
• Have a professional chimney sweep inspect chimneys annually for cracks, blockages, and leaks and have them cleaned and repaired as needed.
• Keep all persons, pets, and flammable objects, including kindling, bedding, clothing, at least three feet away from fireplaces and wood stoves.
• Open flues before fireplaces are used.
• Use sturdy screens or doors to keep embers inside fireplaces.
• Install at least one smoke alarm on every level of your home and inside or near sleeping areas.
• Keep young children away from working wood stoves and heaters to avoid contact burn injuries.

Many households run generators during a power outage and homeowners should take extra precautions to avoid injury. Gasoline or diesel fuel-powered generators can produce potentially deadly levels of carbon monoxide and should be operated only in well-ventilated, covered, unheated areas – never inside. You should always practice extreme caution when using a generator to power your home:

• Make sure the generator is listed by an independent testing organization, such as Underwriter’s Laboratory (UL).
• Protect the generator from exposure to rain, but under no circumstances should generators be used indoors, including a garage. Do not operate the generator near any open windows or doorways.
• Before using a generator, make sure you have installed a carbon monoxide (CO) alarm near sleeping areas to alert you in the event of increased levels of CO in your home.
• Never connect a generator to the home’s electrical system; instead, plug what you want to power directly into the generator.
• Always follow the manufacturer’s guidelines and maintenance schedule.

Power outages are common during disasters, and they can last for several days. You can reduce your losses and speed the recovery process with an emergency generator.

Portable generators made for household use can provide temporary power to a few appliances or lights. Commercial generators can help prevent service interruptions at businesses and critical infrastructure facilities, such as hospitals, water treatment facilities, telecommunications networks, and emergency response agencies. Federal, state, and local regulations may require you to obtain a permit to operate a generator. Make sure you follow these regulations when you operate and maintain your generator.

General Safety and Usage Guidelines for Backup Generators

• Be sure to use your generator correctly. Using a generator incorrectly can lead to dangerous situations:
  1. Carbon monoxide poisoning from engine exhaust. Even if you can’t smell exhaust fumes, you may still have been exposed to carbon monoxide. If you start to feel sick, dizzy, or weak while using a generator, get fresh air right away. If you experience serious symptoms, get medical attention immediately. Consider installing battery-operated carbon monoxide alarms. Be sure to read the manufacturer’s instructions and take proper precautions.
  2. Electric shock or electrocution.
  3. Fire.

Use a portable generator only when necessary, and only to power essential equipment.

• Position generators outdoors and well away from any structure. Running a generator inside any enclosed or partially enclosed structure can lead to dangerous and often fatal levels of carbon monoxide. Keep generators positioned outside and at least 15 feet away from open windows so exhaust does not enter your home/business or a neighboring home/business.
• Keep the generator dry. Operate your generator on a dry surface under an open, canopy-like structure, and make sure your hands are dry before touching the generator. Do not use the generator in rainy or wet conditions.
• Disconnect the power coming into your home/business. Before you operate your generator, disconnect your normal source of power. Otherwise, power from your generator could be sent back into the utility company lines, creating a hazardous situation for utility workers.
• Make sure your generator is properly grounded. Grounding generators can help prevent shocks and electrocutions. Refer to OSHA guidelines for grounding requirements for portable generators. 
• Plug equipment directly into the generator. Use heavy-duty, outdoor-rated extension cords that are in good working condition and have a wire gauge that can handle the electric load of any connected appliances.
• DO NOT plug the generator into a wall outlet. NEVER try to power your house/business by plugging the generator into a wall outlet or the main electrical panel. Only a licensed electrician should connect a generator to a main electrical panel by installing the proper equipment according to local electrical codes. Make sure the electrician installs an approved automatic transfer switch so you can disconnect your home’s wiring from the utility system before you use the generator.
• Maintain an adequate supply of fuel. Know your generator’s rate of fuel consumption at various power output levels. Carefully consider how much fuel you can safely store and for how long. Gasoline and diesel fuel stored for long periods may need added chemicals to keep them safe to use. Check with your supplier for recommendations. Store all fuels in specifically designed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place, away from all potential heat sources.
• Turn the generator off and let it cool before refueling. Use the type of fuel recommended in the manufacturer’s instructions.
• Inspect and maintain your generator regularly. Check aboveground storage tanks, pipes, and valves regularly for cracks and leaks, and replace damaged materials immediately. Tanks may require a permit or have to meet other regulatory requirements. Purchase a maintenance contract and schedule at least one maintenance service per year, such as at the beginning of every hurricane season. Keep fresh fuel in the tank, and run the generator periodically to ensure it will be ready when you need it.

Disclaimer: Because every emergency is different and for your safety, follow the guidance from your state and local emergency management authorities and local utility companies. The information provided on the Town of Penfield's website is for general information and not an endorsement of any particular material or service. Before you engage in activities that could impact utility services, such as electricity or natural gas, contact your local utility company to ensure that your activities are done safely.

For additional resources, visit ready.gov or benefits.gov. State and local emergency management authorities and local utility companies may also provide helpful guidance.

Safety measures such as installing proper lighting and keeping floors and stairs clear of clutter are important for inside the home but also critical for a safer garage environment. Every family can take simple steps to maintain a clean and organized garage and ultimately increase the overall safety of their home. To reduce the risk of falls and other garage-related injuries, follow these organizational guidelines from GarageTek and the Home Safety Council:

Safe Storage

• Make sure poisonous products such as pesticides, automotive fluids, lighter fluid, paint thinner, antifreeze, and turpentine have child-resistant caps, are clearly labeled, and are stored in a locked cabinet out of sight and reach of children.
• Store shovels, rakes, lawn chairs, bikes, and other sharp and large objects on the wall and out of high traffic areas.
• Keep pool chemicals according to the manufacturers’ directions to prevent combustion and potential poisoning exposures.
• Store gasoline in small quantities only and in a proper, tightly sealed container labeled “gasoline.”
• Do not keep gasoline in a garage with an appliance that contains a pilot light.

Garage Organization

• Properly secure shelving units to the wall, make sure they are not overloaded.
• Always store heavier items closest to the ground.
• Use a sturdy step stool with handrails when climbing is necessary.
• Organize all items in designated, easy-to-reach places.
• Keep floors and steps clear of clutter and immediately clean up grease and spills.
• Keep children’s toys in one area and within their reach to prevent children from exploring potentially dangerous areas.
• Supervise young children when they are in the garage.
• Use bright lights at the top and bottom of the stairs.
• Make sure your garage is well lit. Use the maximum safe wattage in light fixtures. (Maximum wattage is typically posted inside light fixtures.)
• Install secure handrails or banisters on both sides that extend the entire length of the stairs.
• Clean garage of dust, webs, and trash, which can interfere with the electrical system.
• When purchasing or remodeling a home with a garage, ensure that the door is equipped with an auto-reverse feature. Test the garage door safety device by placing a paper towel roll beneath the door as it closes. If the door opens quickly, then your family and pets will be protected from bodily entrapment.

According to the Home Safety Council's State of Home Safety in America™ (2002), nearly 150,000 people were treated for home ladder injuries in U.S. emergency departments in 2000. Whether you're spring cleaning, hanging decorations, or painting, the same basic ladder safety rules apply:

• Before using a ladder outdoors, choose a location that is well away from all power lines. Coming in contact with live wires can be fatal.
• Place the ladder on level ground and open it completely, making sure all locks are engaged.
• Use the 4-to-1 rule for extension ladders: for every 4 feet of distance between the ground and the upper point of contact (such as the wall or roof), move the base of the ladder out 1 foot.
• Always face the ladder when climbing and wear slip-resistant shoes, such as those with rubber soles.
• Keep your body centered on the ladder and gauge your safety by your belt buckle. If your buckle passes beyond the ladder rail, you are overreaching and at risk of falling.
• Make sure rungs are dry before using the ladder.
• Stand at or below the highest safe standing level on a ladder. For a stepladder, the safe standing level is the second rung from the top, and for an extension ladder, it's the fourth rung from the top.

Before tackling how-to painting projects, it is crucial to "brush up" on safety tips. Since painting is the most popular D-I-Y project, please read on to learn how to paint your home safely.

General Tips

You've heard it before, but please read the label on the paint can and follow the manufacturer's instructions. If the paint is flammable or combustible, take these precautions:

• Open windows and doors to create ventilation and disperse fumes.
• Eliminate all sources of flame, sparks, and ignition (put out pilot lights by turning off the gas and do not re-light until after the room is free of fumes).
• While working with flammable or combustible paints, don't smoke.
• Don't use electrical equipment while working with paints (it may cause sparks)
• Make sure light bulbs are not exposed to sudden breakage.
• Clean up spills promptly.
• Keep containers closed when not in use.

Outfitting Yourself for Painting

• Wear long sleeve shirt and long pants when painting.
• Wear butyl rubber gloves. This will protect skin and make cleanup easier.
• Wear chemical splash goggles and a paint respirator.

Health Precautions

• If the paint is swallowed, follow the first-aid directions on the label and contact a doctor or poison center immediately.
• While painting, if you feel dizzy or nauseous, leave the work area and get fresh air. If discomfort persists, seek medical help.
• If solvent paint gets on your skin, wash immediately with soap and water.
• If solvent paint gets in your eyes, flush eyes with cold water for 15 minutes and obtain medical treatment.

Storing Paint Properly

• Follow label instructions for storing.
• Before storing, make sure containers are tightly sealed.
• Do not store near heat sources such as furnaces and space heaters.
• If you have a very small amount of solvent left, dispose of it properly; don't store it.
• Keep paint products out of reach of children.
• Do not store or re-use empty containers.

Protecting Children from Lead Poisoning
Lead poisoning is a hidden danger for families with young children. According to the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), an estimated 38 million housing units in the United States had lead-based paint between 1998 and 2000. More than half had significant lead hazards.

Lead is toxic for all ages but is especially harmful to young children. When they are exposed to high levels of lead, they can suffer permanent health and brain damage. According to HUD, one out of every nine American children has too much lead in their bodies. Lead-based paint hazards in older housing are a common source of lead poisoning for children.

In 1978, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) ruled that only trace amounts of lead could be contained in paint. If your home was built before 1978, your family may be at greater risk from lead poisoning. The Home Safety Council recommends the following tips to help protect against lead poisoning:

• Ask your doctor about testing children age six or younger for lead. Sometimes these simple blood tests are provided at no cost at local health centers and clinics. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends lead testing of all children at the one- and two-year health supervision visits.
• If you rent an older home or apartment, be sure to tell the building owner if you notice peeling paint and paint chips. You can also report peeling or chipping paint to your local public health department.
• If your home has high levels of lead, you may need to have certain repairs made to keep your family safe.
• HUD offers information on testing and special renovations on its Healthy Homes Web site. Visit the web site
• You should not try to remove lead-based paint yourself.
• You cannot identify lead by looking at paint yourself. Whether you rent or own your home, consider having your home professionally tested for the presence of lead.
• Always supervise children closely. Do not permit them to play with, hold or chew pieces of paint that may chip or peel away from the walls.
• Do not permit children to play in or near buildings that are condemned or under repair or renovation. In addition to other hazards, lead can be present in the soil and dust around these sites.
• Wash children’s hands frequently; always before they eat.

Home Safety Council research shows that poisoning is the second leading cause of unintentional injury-related death in the home. According to the American Association of Poison Control Centers (AAPCC) more than 92 percent of the 2.3 million poison exposures reported in the latest year studied occurred in the home. Yet, the Home Safety Council found that most families are not taking the appropriate precautions to reduce the risk of poison exposure.

Poison prevention is for everyone, not just children. The Home Safety Council's poisoning prevention advice can help individuals and families keep their homes safer from poisonous and toxic products, chemicals and gases, regardless of the ages of the occupants. Homes with young children need to take extra precautions. Follow these guidelines to keep your family safe from poison exposures at home:

Make sure all potentially dangerous products (household cleaners, medicines, and typical garage items like antifreeze and pesticides) all have child-resistant closures on them, are locked up, and are stored in high places.

• Homes with young children should have child locks installed on cabinets.
• Store food and non-food products separately. This protects consumers in the event of a leak in the product and reduces any possible confusion between items.
• Make sure all medicines and prescriptions have not expired. If they have expired they should be flushed down the toilet and not thrown away in the garbage.
• Immediately mop up puddles of anti-freeze and car oil in the garage or driveway. They are extremely harmful to children and pets.
• Read the use and storage directions before using products. Original labels on product containers often give important first-aid information.
• Wear gloves and follow the manufacturer’s instructions when using harsh chemicals or cleaners.
• Do not mix household products, because their contents could react together with dangerous results.
• Post the national poison control hotline (1-800-222-1222) next to every phone.
• To prevent carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning, have your home heating equipment inspected annually and install a UL-listed CO alarm near every sleeping area.
• Walkthrough the most common rooms where potentially harmful products are stored including the kitchen, bathrooms, and garage. Learn more about room-by-room poison prevention in Home Safety Council’s safety guide.

1. Have smoke alarms on every level of your home.
2. Make sure a smoke alarm is inside or near every bedroom.
3. Test each smoke alarm every month. Push the test button until you hear a loud noise.
4. Put new batteries in your smoke alarms at least one time each year.
5. If your smoke alarms are more than 10 years old, get new smoke alarms.

Can everyone wake up?

• Young children might sleep through the sound of the smoke alarm.
• Be prepared for a family member to wake children for fire drills and in a real emergency.

Plan your escape from fire

• Know how to get out fast if there is a fire.
• Find two ways out of every room – the door and maybe the window.
• You might need an escape ladder to get out of the upstairs bedroom windows.
• Children and older people will need help escaping a fire. Plan for this.
• Know who needs help and pick someone to help them.
• Make sure windows and doors open easily.
• Make sure everyone can reach and open locks on doors and windows.
• Make sure stairs and doorways are never blocked.
• If you have security bars on doors and windows, have a “quick-release” latch. This makes it easy to get outside in an emergency.
• Make sure everyone in your family knows how to use the latch.
• Look for things that could slow down your escape. Move or fix them.

Have a home fire drill

• Push the test button on the smoke alarm so your family knows the sound.
• Practice your plan two times a year with your family.
• Practice when everyone else is asleep at least once.
• Have a place to meet in front of your home.

Know how you call for help

• Know the Fire Department emergency number. In most towns, the number to call is 9-1-1.
• If there is a fire, get out first, and go to your family meeting place. Then call the Fire Department.
• Use a portable phone or a neighbor’s phone.
• Get out and stay out.
• Never go back inside a burning building.

SAFEGUARDING TORCH APPLIED ROOFING SYSTEMS

References: NFPA 58--Liquefied Petroleum Gas Code; Chap. 2; L.P. Gas
Equipment & Appliances. NFPA 241--Safeguarding Construction, Alteration & Demolition
Operations; Chap. 7; Roofing Operations.

The following general requirements shall apply for any Torch Applied Roofing Operations in the Town of Penfield:

Apply in person for each job at the Fire Marshal's Office, Penfield Town Hall, 3100 Atlantic Avenue.

1. Submit with the application a permit fee of $35.00 and proof of Workmen's Compensation Insurance.
2. Fuel containers, burners, and hoses in which liquefied petroleum is used shall comply with all of the applicable requirements of NFPA 58 along with the following prevalent guidelines for LP use:
3. Tanks must be DOT labeled, valves protected & hoses approved for LP use.
   a. Tanks must be secured to prevent tipping, placed on a flat surface away from the edge of the roof, and shall not be refilled on the roof.
   b. Maximum of one (1) 20 lb. LP container allowed on the roof.
   c. Tanks shall be stored in areas providing full air circulation to prevent tank exposure to high heat. Do not store near roof drains or openings.
   d. Torch to be protected and turned off when not in use. An approved torch holder shall be provided and used.
   3e. Storage of combustible materials shall not be permitted near torch operations.
4. Caution should be exercised when working near roof openings, penetrations, parapets, flashings, or hidden voids. The torch shall not be applied in areas where the flame impingement cannot be fully observed.
5. A fire watch shall be maintained during all operations. Inside roof rafters and concealed spaces shall be checked at not more than ten-minute intervals and shall continue for a minimum of 45 minutes after shutdown.
6. Any indication of smoke or fire during or after the job shall be immediately reported to 9-1-1. A readily available means of reporting a fire to 9-1-1 shall be at the job site at all times.
7. A minimum of one 2 _ gallon water extinguisher and one 20 lb. dry chemical extinguisher, each with a minimum rating of 40-BC, shall be placed on the roof near the torch down operation.
8. All cylinders shall be removed from the roof at the end of the day and stored properly.

Each employee shall be properly trained in Torch Applied Roofing Operations.

Purchase electric space heaters that bear the mark of an independent testing laboratory, such as UL, ETL, CSA, etc.

• Place space heaters at least three feet away from anything that can burn - including furniture, people, pets, and window treatments.
• Turn off space heaters before leaving a room or going to sleep.
• Supervise children and pets at all times when a portable space heater is in use.
• Use kerosene heaters only where permitted by law. Use the recommended grade kerosene and never use alternative fuel. Kerosene heaters must be fueled outside.
• Never use space heaters to dry clothing or blankets.

A recreational fire is an outdoor fire not contained in an enclosed structure. A backyard fire pit is the most common example of a recreational fire. Recreational fires are a PRIVILEGE and are allowed at the discretion of the Fire Marshal, provided the following guidelines are met. An inspection by the Fire Marshal is recommended before burning for the first time. Contact the Office of the Fire Marshal with questions at 585-340-8643.

A recreational fire that creates property damage, personal injury, and/or is deemed a nuisance must be extinguished immediately and may be cause legal actions by the Fire Marshal or the Monroe County Sheriff’s Office. Any fire causing the fire department or Monroe County Sheriff’s Office to be called may be considered by the responding official to be a nuisance fire. Nuisance fires must be extinguished.

Guidelines for conducting a recreational fire:

• FIRE SAFETY must be followed at all times.
• Clearance: Fires must be located at least 25 feet from structures and/or combustible materials, including but not limited to fences, decks, sheds, garages, brush, and overhanging trees. Any conditions that would promote fire spread to within 25 feet of a structure or combustible material must be removed before ignition of the fire.
• Surface: Fires must be conducted on non-combustible surfaces.
• Size: maximum diameter of three (3) feet, the maximum flame height of two (2) feet
• Materials: ONLY clean seasoned firewood may be burned. Wet wood, fresh cut wood, treated wood, painted or stained wood, leaves, brush (small branches with leaves or needles still attached), lawn clippings, paper, rubbish, garbage, and/or any other material that produces excessive smoke and/or noxious fumes ARE NOT ALLOWED to be burned.
• Extinguishment: Fire extinguishing equipment such as a garden hose (attached to water supply and turned on), buckets of water, and/or a minimum 4A-rated portable fire extinguisher must be readily available at all times while the fire is burning. Equipment must be located in close proximity to the fire, and garden hoses must be able to reach the fire while still connected to a water supply. FIRE MUST BE COMPLETELY EXTINGUISHED BEFORE ABANDONING. NEVER LEAVE A FIRE UNATTENDED!
• Attendance: A responsible adult must be present at all times a fire is burning. The responsible adult must not be impaired by drugs, alcohol, and/or a medical or mental condition that would interfere with their ability to take proper actions if required. The responsible adult must also be knowledgeable in the operation of fire extinguishing equipment.
• Nuisance: Fire cannot create a nuisance. Smoke and/or odors are considered a nuisance. Nuisance fires MUST be extinguished immediately.
• Etiquette: No new materials may be added to the fire after 10:00 PM.
• Portable Outdoor Fireplaces made of metal, clay, ceramic, and other like materials must follow all the above guidelines, except they are allowed to be placed at least 15 feet (rather than 25 feet) from structures and/or combustible materials. They must also be completely extinguished before abandoning.

Surviving the Cold Weather

Prolonged exposure to low temperatures, wind, and/or moisture can result in cold-related injury from frostbite and hypothermia. Here are some suggestions on how to keep warm and avoid frostbite and hypothermia.

Dress properly

Wear several layers of loose-fitting clothing to insulate your body by trapping warm, dry air inside. Loosely woven cotton and wool clothes best trap air and resist dampness.

The head and neck lose heat faster than any other part of the body. Your cheeks, ears, and nose are the most prone to frostbite. Wear a hat, scarf, and turtleneck sweater to protect these areas.

Frostbite: What to look for

The extent of frostbite is difficult to judge until hours after thawing.
There are two classifications of frostbite:

Superficial frostbite is characterized by white, waxy, or grayish-yellow patches on the affected areas. The skin feels cold and numb. The skin surface feels stiff and underlying tissue feels soft when depressed.

Deep frostbite is characterized by waxy and pale skin. The affected parts feel cold, hard, and solid and cannot be depressed. Large blisters may appear after rewarming.

What to do:

• Get the victim out of the cold and to a warm place immediately.

• Remove any constrictive clothing items that could impair circulation.

• If you notice signs of frostbite, seek medical attention immediately.

• Place dry, sterile gauze between toes and fingers to absorb moisture and to keep them from sticking together.

• Slightly elevate the affected part to reduce pain and swelling.

If you are more than one hour from a medical facility and you have warm water, place the frostbitten part in the water (102 to 106 degrees Fahrenheit). If you do not have a thermometer, test the water first to see if it is warm, not hot. Rewarming usually takes 20 to 40 minutes or until tissues soften.

What not to do:

• Do not use water hotter than 106 degrees Fahrenheit.

• Do not use water colder than 100 degrees Fahrenheit since it will not thaw frostbite quickly enough.

• Do not rub or massage the frostbitten area.

• Do not rub with ice or snow.

Hypothermia

Hypothermia occurs when the body loses more heat than it produces. Symptoms include a change in mental status, uncontrollable shivering, a cool abdomen, and a low core body temperature. Severe hypothermia may cause rigid muscles, dark and puffy skin, irregular heartbeat and respiration, and unconsciousness.

Treat hypothermia by protecting the victim from further heat loss and seeking immediate medical attention. Get the victim out of the cold. Add insulation such as blankets, pillows, towels, or newspapers beneath and around the victim. Be sure to cover the victim's head. Replace wet clothing with dry clothing. Handle the victim gently because rough handling can cause cardiac arrest. Keep the victim in a horizontal (flat) position.

Finally, the best way to avoid frostbite and hypothermia is to stay out of the cold. Read a book, clean house or watch TV. Be patient and wait out the dangerously cold weather.

High Winds Safety Rules

The safest place to be during high winds is indoors.

• Postpone outdoor activities if a wind advisory or high wind warning has been issued.

If you are caught outside during high winds:

• Take cover next to a building or under a shelter
• Stand clear of roadways or train tracks, as a gust may blow you into the path of an oncoming vehicle.
• Use handrails where available on outdoor walkways and avoid other elevated areas such as roofs without an adequate railing.
• Watch for flying debris. Tree limbs may break and street signs may become loose during strong wind gusts. Keep an eye toward nearby balconies for loose objects that may fall

In the event of a downed power line:

• Call for help. Report downed lines to your local utility emergency center (RG&E Outage Central, 800-743-1701) and to emergency services (911). Do not try to free lines or remove debris yourself.
• Avoid anything that may be touching downed lines, including vehicles or tree branches. Puddles and even wet or snow-covered ground can conduct electricity in some cases. Warn others to stay away.
• If you see someone who has been shocked who may be in direct or indirect contact with a power line, do not try to touch them. You may become a second victim. Get medical attention as quickly as possible by calling 911.
• If a line falls on your car, stay inside the vehicle. Take care not to touch any of the metal frame of your vehicle. Honk your horn, roll down the window and warn anyone who may approach of the danger. Ask someone to call the police. Do not exit the car until help arrives, unless it catches on fire. To exit, open the door, but do not step out. Jump, without touching any of the metal portions of the car's exterior, to safe ground and get quickly away.

If you are driving:

• Keep both hands on the wheel and slow down.
• Watch for objects blowing across the roadway and into your path.
• Keep a safe distance from cars in adjacent lanes as strong gusts could push a car outside its lane of travel.
• Take extra care in a high-profile vehicle such as a truck, van, SUV, or when towing a trailer, as these are more prone to be pushed or even flipped by high wind gusts.
• If winds are severe enough to prevent safe driving, get onto the shoulder of the road and stop, making sure you are away from trees or other tall objects that could fall onto your vehicle. Stay in the car and turn on the hazard lights until the wind subsides.
• The rule for when traffic lights are out is you must come to a complete stop at intersections or roadways where the traffic lights are not on. You must treat the light as a stop sign. If it is a four-way intersection, you must treat it as a four-way stop.

HIGH WINDS
While high winds are commonly associated with severe thunderstorms, hurricanes, and nor'easters, they may also occur as a result of differences in air pressures, such as when a cold front passes across the area. Large winter storms occasionally produce high winds over western and central New York. March and April are the most likely months for this phenomenon.

High winds can cause downed trees and power lines, flying debris, and building collapses, which may lead to power outages, transportation disruptions, damage to buildings and vehicles, and injury or death.

Preparing for High Winds
In advance of any storm, be sure your property is secure. Remove any dead trees or overhanging branches near structures, loose roofing materials, and objects in yards, patios, roofs, or balconies that could blow away. If a wind  warning is issued consider the following:

• Tune in to local weather forecasts and bulletins issued by the National Weather Service on the web, NOAA Weather Radio, or local TV and radio stations.
• Shutter windows securely and brace outside doors.
• Bring in unsecured objects from patios and balconies and secure outdoor objects such as lawn furniture or garbage cans that could blow away and cause damage or injury.

Electricity emergency

If you are experiencing a life-threatening electricity emergency, please call 911 immediately. Otherwise, please contact RG & E at 800-743-1701 for electricity outages or trouble or use the online form.

Power Lines

• It is extremely dangerous to touch a power line, whether it is overhead or has fallen on the ground. Fallen power lines are extremely dangerous. Call 911 and RG&E at 800-743-1701.
• Do not touch a downed line or anyone in contact with the line. Always assume a downed line is live.
• Beware of a downed power line touching a vehicle. Stay clear of the vehicle and the power line. If a power line touches your vehicle while you are inside, remain calm. If you can do so safely, stay inside the vehicle until emergency assistance arrives or warn others to stay away from the vehicle and have them call RG&E.
• Be careful around overhead power lines. When working around your house, remember that things such as aluminum siding, gutters, and ladders conduct electricity. If any of these items touch an overhead power line, the results could be deadly.
• While planning a project, contractors and customers should carefully check the work area for any potential hazards, including overhead power lines.
• Leave cutting and trimming of trees near power lines to professionals. A tree or limb that comes in contact with a power line could be deadly. For more information visit our Tree Care web page.

Extension Cords

• Water and electricity NEVER mix. Keep power tools and extension cords away from water, including rain, wet ground, swimming pools, sprinklers, and garden hoses.
• Inspect extension and power cords for wear and tear. Replace any cord you find that is frayed or cracked.
• NEVER overload an extension or power cord! If the cord is warm or hot to the touch, there is a good chance that it is overloaded and could cause an electrical fire if not corrected.

For additional information on electrical safety, please visit www.esfi.org.

Generator safety

While useful, generators can be dangerous if not used properly.

Review these safety tips before using your portable or permanent generator.

• Read, understand and follow the manufacturer’s instructions.
• Don't run a generator indoors or in a garage.
• Operate your generator outdoors in a clean, dry, well-ventilated area and never indoors or in a garage.
• A generator must be properly grounded.
• After losing power, turn off the main breaker or pull the main fuse block.
• Generators that are directly connected to existing wiring systems must use a double-pole, double-throw (DPDT) transfer switch.
• All electrical connections must comply with the National Electric Code (NEC).
• Do not overload the generator with too many appliances.
• Use properly sized extension cords in good condition.
• You may be liable for damage or injury to people and property that may result from an improperly installed or operated emergency generator.

Permanent Generator Information

Permanent generators require additional consideration. They should be installed only by professionals. NEC and local code requirements must be met and a double-pole, double-throw switch is a must.

Additionally, when planning to install a permanent emergency generator should:

• Contact RG&E to ensure that there is adequate natural gas pressure to operate a generator.
• Contact the Town Building Department to obtain a building permit.
• Be sure to read, understand and follow all manufacturer’s instructions for safe operation.

More Information

Read RG&E Emergency Generator Safety brochure.

Traffic Signals

State law requires that if the traffic lights or controls are out of service or does not operate correctly when you approach an intersection, you must come to a stop as you would for a stop sign. You must then continue according to the rules of right-of-way, unless you are told to continue by a traffic officer.

Safety Myths

Have you ever heard someone repeat one of these myths?

Believing these frequently repeated myths can be dangerous. If you hear someone express these beliefs, please let them know they are endangering themselves and others.

1. Tires are electrical insulators.
   Tires are electrical conductors, not insulators. It is true that you are safe in your vehicle when a live wire falls on it. But that's because electricity always seeks the easiest path to the ground. If you remain in the vehicle, the path of the electricity will be on the outside of the vehicle; through the tires, and into the ground. As long as we do not provide a path to the ground through our body the electricity will not enter it. So when an electrical wire falls on your vehicle, stay in your vehicle until help arrives and the power is shut off by RG&E. If you have to get out of your car because of a life-threatening situation, jump out with both feet together, making sure that you are not touching any part of the vehicle when your feet hit the ground.
    
2. Power lines are insulated.
   Ninety percent of outside power lines are not insulated. Furthermore, the lines that are insulated are exposed to rough weather, so you never know what condition the insulation is in. No line is safe to touch, ever.
    
3. Only high voltage is dangerous.
   Voltage is the pressure that pushes electricity along, like water through a hose. Amperage (amp), the amount of electricity in any given spot, is what will hurt or kill you. It takes less than one-quarter of one amp to put a heart into ventricular fibrillation (irregular beating). Most residents have at least 100-amp service coming into their house; many residents have 200-amp service.
    
4. When a wire falls to the ground, it automatically shuts off.
   Our circuits are designed to sense short circuits - sudden requests for unusual amounts of electricity. If this doesn't happen because the wire has fallen on a poor conductor, for example, our line will remain energized. Always treat a downed wire as energized until RG&E has shut it off. 
    
5. When a live wire falls, it makes sparks.
   A power line sparks if it falls to the ground and does not make firm contact with the ground or other material. When a wire falls to the ground and makes firm contact, it will often make no noise or sparks and will leave the impression of being that it is de-energized.
    
6. Wood is an insulator.
   Wood is in fact a conductor, though not a good one. The molecules in wood are far apart so it becomes difficult for electricity to jump from molecule to molecule. But the higher the voltage, the easier it is for electricity to move through wood. And if the wood is damp, it changes the equation and wood becomes a good conductor, even at low voltage. So be careful standing on a wooden crate to turn on your main fuse box or when you use a wooden ladder.
    
7. Household rubber gloves or rubber-soled shoes insulate.
   Only 100 percent pure rubber insulates against electricity. Household gloves and shoes are not made of pure rubber. Often to make these shoes more marketable and durable, additives are mixed in with the rubber-like material. And that makes these gloves and shoes conductors.

(RG&E Safety First, 2022-03-01, www.rge.com)
(Penfield Fire Marshal Office)

• Reduce speeds. Remember that the posted speed limit is for ideal travel conditions.
• Allow for extra travel time or consider delaying trips if the weather is inclement.
• Always use headlights during inclement weather.
• Make sure windshield wipers, batteries, tires, and defrosters are working and in good condition.
• Carry blankets, flares, and other equipment that would be helpful in an emergency.
• Maintain a safe distance between you and other vehicles.
• Be courteous to other drivers.
• Keep to the right except to pass, using turn signals to alert other drivers of your intentions.
• Always buckle seat belts.

WHILE DRIVING NEAR A SNOWPLOW:

• If you find yourself behind a snowplow, stay behind it until it’s safe to pass.  Remember, a snowplow driver has a limited field of vision.  Stay back (15 car lengths) until you’re sure it is safe to pass or until the plow pulls off the road.
• Remember that the road in front of the plow is usually in much worse condition than the roadway behind the plow.  Plows will typically travel under 35 miles per hour and there is always a temptation to pass them.
• Allow plenty of room when passing a snowplow.  Do not cut back into the lane ahead of the truck too quickly since the plow extends several feet ahead of the truck.  Some snowplows are equipped with a “wing plow,” extending off the side of the truck.

Link: Winter Driving Safety Tips

State law requires that if the traffic lights or controls are out of service or does not operate correctly when you approach an intersection, you must come to a stop as you would for a stop sign. You must then continue according to the rules of right-of-way, unless you are told to continue by a traffic officer.
https://dmv.ny.gov/about-dmv/chapter-4-traffic-control-2

When decorating follow these tips from the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission:

• Keep potentially poisonous plants – mistletoe, holly berries, Jerusalem cherry, and amaryllis – away from children
• If using an artificial tree, check that it is labeled “fire-resistant”
• If using a live tree, cut off about 2 inches of the trunk to expose fresh wood for better water absorption, remember to water it and remove it from your home when it is dry
• Place your tree at least 3 feet away from fireplaces, radiators, and other heat sources, making certain not to block doorways
• Avoid placing breakable ornaments or ones with small, detachable parts on lower tree branches where small children can reach them
• Only use indoor lights indoors and outdoor lights outdoors, and choose the right ladder for the task when hanging lights
• Replace light sets that have broken or cracked sockets, frayed or bare wires, or loose connections
• Follow the package directions on the number of light sets that can be plugged into one socket
• Never nail, tack, or stress wiring when hanging lights, and keep plugs off the ground away from puddles and snow
• Turn off all lights and decorations when you go to bed or leave the house

The Consumer Product Safety Commission reports there have been 107 turkey-fryer-related fires, burns, or other injuries since 2004, and $5.2 million in property damage losses from these incidents.

NSC discourages the use of turkey fryers at home and urges those who prefer fried turkey to seek out professional establishments or consider using an oil-less turkey fryer.
If you must fry your own turkey, follow all U.S. Fire Administration turkey fryer guidelines.

1. Stay Away from The House – Set up the turkey fryer more than 10 feet away from your home and keep children and pets away. Never leave it unattended.

2. Find Flat Ground – The oil must be even and steady at all times to ensure safety. Place the fryer on a flat, level surface and carefully gauge the amount of oil needed.

3. Use a Thawed and Dry Turkey – Make sure your Thanksgiving turkey is completely thawed and dry. Extra water will cause the oil to bubble furiously and spillover. If oil spills from the fryer onto the burner, it can cause a fire.

4. Monitor the Temp – Use caution when touching the turkey fryer. The lid and handle can become very hot and could cause burns. Also, be sure to keep track of the oil’s temperature as many fryers do not have their own thermostats.

5. Be Prepared – Have a fire extinguisher (multipurpose, dry-powder) ready at all times in the event that the oil ignites.

Gifts and toys should inspire joy, not cause injuries.
Avoid safety hazards while gifting with these tips from the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission:

• Toys are age-rated for safety, not for children’s intellect and physical ability, so be sure to choose toys in the correct age range
• Choose toys for children under 3 that do not have small parts which could be choking hazards
• For children under 10, avoid toys that must be plugged into an electrical outlet
• Be cautious about toys that have button batteries or magnets, which can be harmful or fatal if swallowed
• When giving scooters and other riding toys, give the gift of appropriate safety gear, too; helmets should be worn at all times and they should be sized to fit

Keep your holidays happy by handling food safely. 
The foodsafety.gov website from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services provides some valuable holiday food safety tips:  

• Wash your hands frequently when handling food
• Keep raw meat away from fresh produce
• Use separate cutting boards, plates, and utensils for uncooked and cooked meats to avoid cross-contamination
• Use a food thermometer to make sure meat is cooked to a safe temperature
• Refrigerate hot or cold leftover food within two hours of being served
• When storing turkey, cut the leftovers into small pieces so they will chill quickly
• Thanksgiving leftovers are safe for three to four days when properly refrigerated

Family Disaster Plan

The following information is taken from publication #L-191 of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), developed in cooperation with the American Red Cross.

Your Family Disaster Plan

Where will your family be when disaster strikes? They could be anywhere - at work, at school, or in the car. How will you find each other? Will you know if your children are safe?

Disaster can strike quickly and without warning. It can force you to evacuate your neighborhood or confine you to your home. What would you do if basic services water, gas, electricity or telephones-were cut off? Local officials and relief workers will be on the scene after a disaster, but they cannot reach everyone right away.

Families can and do cope with disaster by preparing in advance and working together as a team. Follow the steps listed in this brochure to create your family's disaster plan. Knowing what to do in advance is your best protection and your responsibility.

4 STEPS TO SAFETY

1. Find out what could happen to you
Contact your local emergency management or civic defense office and American Red Cross chapter--be prepared to take notes:

• Ask what types of disasters are most likely to happen. Request information on how to prepare for each.
• Learn about your community's warning signals: what they sound like and what you should do when you hear them.
• Ask about animal care after a disaster. Animals may not be allowed inside emergency shelters due to health regulations.
• Find out how to help elderly or disabled persons, if needed.
• Next, find out about the disaster plans at your workplace, your children's school or daycare center, and other places where your family spends time.

2. Create a Disaster Plan
Meet with your family and discuss why you need to prepare for disaster. Explain the dangers of fire, severe weather, and earthquake to children. Plan to share responsibilities and work together as a team.

• Discuss the types of disasters that are most likely to happen. Explain what to do in each case.
• Pick two places to meet:

1. Outside your home in case of a sudden emergency, like a fire.
2. Outside your neighborhood, in case you can't return home. Everyone must know the address and phone number.

• Ask an out-of-state friend to be your "family contact." After a disaster, it's often easier to call long distance. Other family members should call this person and tell them where they are. Everyone must know your contact's phone number.
• Discuss what to do in an evacuation. Plan how to take care of your pets.

3. Complete This Checklist

• Post emergency telephone numbers by phones (fire, police, ambulance, etc.)
• Teach children how and when to call 911 or your local Emergency Medical Services number for emergency help.
• Show each family member how and when to turn off the water, gas and electricity at the main switches.
• Check if you have adequate insurance coverage.
• Make sure the adults in your home know-how and when to use the fire extinguisher (ABC type), and show them where it's kept.
• Install smoke alarms on each level of your home, especially in or near all sleeping areas.
• Conduct a home hazard hunt.
• Stock emergency supplies and assemble a Disaster Supplies Kit.
• Take a Red Cross first aid and CPR class.
• Determine the best escape routes from your home. Find two ways out (usually a door and a window) of each room.
• Find the safe spots in your home for each type of disaster.

4. Practice and Maintain Your Plan

• Quiz your kids every six months to see if they remember what to do.
• Conduct fire and emergency evacuation drills.
• Replace stored water every three months and stored food every three months.
• Test and recharge your fire extinguisher(s) according to the manufacturer's instructions.
• Test your smoke alarms monthly and change the batteries at least once a year, or when the alarm "chirps" signaling that the batteries are running low. Change batteries in _____________ each year.
  
  

If Disaster Strikes

1. Remain calm and patient. Put your plan into action.
2. Check for injuries
3. Give first aid and get help for seriously injured people.
4. Listen to your battery-powered radio for news and instructions
5. Evacuate, if advised to do so. Wear protective clothing and sturdy shoes.
6. Check for damage in your home.

• Use flashlights -- do not light matches or turn on electrical switches, if you suspect damage.
• Check for fire hazards and other household hazards.
• Sniff for gas leaks, starting at the water heater. If you smell gas or suspect a leak, turn off the main gas valve, open windows, and get everyone outside quickly.
• Shut off any other damaged utilities.
• Clean up spilled medicines, bleaches, gasoline, and other flammable liquids immediately.

Remember to:

• Confine or secure your pets.
• Call your family contact--do not use the telephone again unless it is a life-threatening emergency.
• Check on your neighbors, especially elderly or disabled persons.
• Make sure you have an adequate water supply in case the service is cut off.
• Stay away from downed power lines.
• The Federal Emergency Management Agency's Family Protection Program and the American -- Red Cross Disaster Education Program are nationwide efforts to help citizens prepare for disasters of all types.

For more information on preparing your home and family for disasters, call your local Red Cross or visit www.redcross.org or www.fema.gov.

Location: Ontario, NY (20 miles NE of Rochester, NY) in Region I
Operator: R.E. Ginna Nuclear Power Plant, LLC
Operating License: Issued - 09/19/1969
Renewed License: Issued - 05/19/2004
License Expires: 09/18/2029
Docket Number: 05000244

Reactor Type: Pressurized Water Reactor
Licensed MWt: 1,775
Reactor Vendor/Type: Westinghouse Two-Loop
Containment Type: Dry, Ambient Pressure

Link to the U.S.NRC - United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission

How to Prepare for an Emergency

You never know when you might have to leave your home on short notice. A nuclear incident is only one possibility. Floods, fires, chemical spills, or severe illness could occur at any time. Preparing now will help you respond more quickly in an
emergency.

Emergency Kit
Keep an emergency kit – portable radio, flashlight, extra batteries, extra car keys, first aid kit, and other items – in a special place that the whole family can easily locate. Include this booklet in your emergency kit with your location marked on the
map. Write a list of the items you would want to take if you had to leave home quickly and post the list in a convenient spot. Be sure to keep a supply of all the items on your list. Gather any important documents that you might need in an emergency
and keep them together in a safe place that you can access quickly and easily.

Transportation
Maintain your vehicle in good running order and keep the gas tank at least half full at all times. If you will need transportation in an emergency, use the attached reply card to notify local authorities now.

Pets
Only service animals will be permitted inside reception centers or shelters. Pets will not be allowed inside reception centers and shelters. Pet sheltering information will be available at the reception centers and shelters for your area.

Contact Monroe County Emergency Management Agency for additional information.